Why is it not good if the oil contains only CBD?
It’s Not Good If the Oil Contains Only CBD. Why?
A groundbreaking Israeli study compared the therapeutic properties of full-spectrum CBD Oil with those of CBD isolate.
"Overcoming the bell-shaped dose-response of cannabidiol using cannabis extract enriched in cannabidiol” is the title of the article by Lumir Hanus and colleagues, who note that numerous preclinical studies over the past fifteen years have examined the anti-inflammatory effects of pure, single-molecule CBD* in various animal models of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes.
* Single-molecule CBD refers to CBD with 99-100% purity, which can be isolate or synthetic CBD. CBD isolate is derived from the cannabis plant, a natural compound with 96-99% CBD content accompanied by small amounts of CBDV.
These studies showed that dosing with pure, single-molecule CBD produced a bell-shaped dose-response curve, meaning that once the CBD exceeds a certain amount, its therapeutic effect drops dramatically.
"Healing was only observed when CBD was administered within a very limited dose range, with neither lower nor higher doses producing beneficial effects." This distinctive characteristic of single-molecule CBD—which manifests as a bell-shaped dose-response—poses significant challenges that limit its clinical applicability.
The Israeli team aimed to determine whether using a full plant extract rich in CBD would also result in a bell-shaped dose-response curve. „The goal of this study,” the authors explained, “was to find a source of CBD that could overcome the bell-shaped dose-response of purified CBD.”
The researchers tested a cannabis strain called Avidekel, from which they extracted a CBD-rich oil. This oil, given to mice to evaluate its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects, contained 17.9% CBD, 1.1% THC, 1.1% cannabichromene (CBC), 0.2% cannabigerol (CBG), along with trace amounts of cannabinol (CBN) and cannabivarin (CBDV).
For comparison, the scientists also administered pure CBD to another group of mice and assessed its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. They further compared how single-molecule CBD and the full-plant CBD oil inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa), a systemic inflammatory signaling molecule. (Dysregulated TNF-alpha production is implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer, Alzheimer's, clinical depression, and irritable bowel syndrome.)
The pure CBD tests confirmed earlier preclinical findings: single-molecule CBD produced a bell-shaped dose-response curve with a narrow therapeutic window.
However, a different dose-response pattern was observed when full-plant extract CBD oil was administered to the mice. Instead of exhibiting a bell-shaped curve — where therapeutic effects are only achieved within a narrow concentration range of pure CBD — the CBD-rich full-plant extract caused a direct, dose-dependent inhibition of pain, inflammation, and TNFa production. In other words, increasing the dose increased the effect. “In stark contrast to CBD isolate,” reported the Israeli team, “the full-spectrum oil showed a clear correlation between anti-inflammatory and analgesic responses and dose, with effects increasing as doses rose, making it ideal for clinical use.”
Moreover, the Israeli researchers found that less full-spectrum CBD oil was needed to achieve significant pain relief compared to pure CBD. While single-molecule CBD showed a dramatic drop in effectiveness when doses exceeded a certain level, overdosing on the CBD-rich full-plant extract did not diminish its therapeutic effect. If larger than optimal doses of full-spectrum CBD oil are used, the effect neither increases nor decreases but stabilizes, suggesting the therapeutic effect has reached its maximum.
The Israeli study concluded that full-spectrum CBD oil is “more advantageous in managing inflammatory conditions.” The greater effectiveness of the full-plant extract can be explained by additive or synergistic interactions between CBD and dozens of minor phytocannabinoids, along with hundreds of non-cannabinoid plant compounds. “It is likely that other cannabis components synergize with CBD to achieve the desired anti-inflammatory effect, which may help overcome the bell-shaped dose-response of CBD isolate,” the Israeli team suggested.
(The researchers also compared full-spectrum CBD oil to commercially available painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, finding that both CBD isolate and full-plant extract exerted stronger anti-inflammatory effects than, for instance, aspirin.)
“Many studies have focused on isolating and characterizing the active ingredients of traditional medicinal plants to discover their therapeutic potential,” the Israeli team summarized,. “Our data, along with others’, support the introduction of a new generation of plant-based medicines for diseases previously treated exclusively with synthetic drugs. The observed therapeutic synergy of plant extracts allows for lower active ingredient doses, which reduces adverse effects.”
The full study can be found at this link: https://www.scirp.org/pdf/PP_2015021016351567.pdf
It is important to mention that CBD oil is not a miracle cure! The foundations of maintaining our health are regular exercise, a balanced diet, and a stress-free lifestyle. None of these can be replaced by CBD!
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